What Are Wood-Decaying Fungi?
The Three Types
A wood fungus is any variety of fungus that consumes the cellulose in moist wood, causing it to rot. There are a wide variety of fungus on wood. They are best identified by the type of rot that they cause, the most common including soft, white, and brown rot.
Soft rot fungi are heartier than white or brown varieties and can spread more easily in conditions that are too hot, cold, or wet for their counterparts. Soft rot leaves microscopic cavities in wood that can lead to structural damage. They are less aggressive in their decomposition, but more hearty. Like their namesake, telltale softness in wooden structures is a sign of their presence.
White rot fungi causes rotted wood to feel moist and appear whitish-yellow in coloring. This white coloring comes from crystalline cellulose in the wood. A few examples of white wood rot fungi include the honey mushroom, oyster mushrooms, tinder fungus, and artist’s conk.
Brown rot fungi are similar to white rot in many ways, except that the process leaves behind darker colored decay that cracks, shrinks, and generally warps the wood. Well known brown rot fungi include the mine fungus, cellar fungus, and sulfur shelf. Brown rot can travel through damp drywall or plaster to cause wood decay, but it is sometimes referred to as “dry rot” due to its crumbly nature.